The Holistic Assessment and care Planning in Partnership Intervention Study [HAPPI]
Research study at the University of Plymouth
![The Holistic Assessment and care Planning in Partnership Intervention Study [HAPPI]](/uploads/production/media_asset/file/25/25664/small_for_web2.jpg)
Frailty can be a distressing but not inevitable part of getting older. People who are frail may feel more tired and weak than normal, have trouble getting around, lose weight and feel that they are slowing down. Frailty progresses over a period of 5-15 years and may lead to losing independence, hospital admissions and moving to a care home. Previous research has suggested that it may be possible to support older people to manage frailty like any other long term condition. If recognised early, we can provide care and support that may delay or prevent negative effects of frailty so that older people can retain their independence and quality of life. To do this, people need effective support at home from health services such as their GP, community and practice nurses.
We know that once people are aged 80 years and over, between a quarter and a half will show some of the signs of frailty. Therefore, it is important that we understand the causes and how best to manage the condition for the future. Like many long term conditions, frailty cannot be cured, so we need to understand how to empower people to live well with it. Our research aims to explore how people can be best supported at home and how community nurses need to work to provide individualised support. We want to explore if we can improve outcomes for patients enabling them to live at home, improve wellbeing, prevent falls and reduce the need for hospital care.
In order to ensure the study meets the needs of older people who live with frailty we have involved them in the development of this project. We have consulted via interviews with frail patients, their carers, and a group of older people who are not frail. They have helped us to identify that our proposed research is an important priority for them and that they consider the suggested outcomes to be significant to them. They told us that they would want co-ordinated care led by a GP or a nurse delivered close to home. In order to understand the views of community health teams, we held a focus group of community nurses and carried out a survey of GPs. They agreed with the suggestions of the older people and also suggested to include a study exploring the enablers and barriers to supporting frail older people in primary care and how better care can become routine clinical practice.
The first part of our study included a survey of an expert group of nurses to explore their views of elements of care for frail older people in the community and to identify the training needs and skills that nurses need to deliver effective care. This will enable us to develop a care plan based on the individual needs of people that can be used by nurses in partnership with patients and their carers.
In the second part of our study, we will undertake a small randomised controlled trial to test this new care plan, including frailty assessment and evaluation, to see if it is practical and achievable. In this part of the study, there will be a group of patients who receive the new care plan and a group who will receive care as usual. In the final part of this project we will talk to frail patients, carers and nurses to explore their experiences of participating in the randomised controlled trial. The information gathered during the proposed project will be used to inform a future larger clinical trial to ensure the methods we are using are fit for purpose.
The HAPPI study now has NHS and University of Plymouth Ethics Committees approval and is open to recruitment. Initial screening and consenting procedures are underway.
We will be recruiting a maximum of 60 participants from the following general practices in Cornwall:
Download our February newsletter about the study
Recruitment will take place from February – July 2019.
Download the Participant Information Sheet
For further information please read the NIHR South West Clinical Research Network press release.
Delivery of the HAPPI intervention delivered by trained community matrons in accordance with the procedure guide to ensure treatment fidelity. The intervention will be carried out at the participant’s home. Documentation of the intervention including assessment, individualised care and support plan and evidence of any referrals will be recorded using a standardised document/computerised template.
Participants in the control group will receive usual care. This cannot be standardised as approaches to care of older people with frailty varies in general practice. This may include the management of various long-term conditions, referrals to other services, prescribing of medications and routine vaccinations. As part of the feasibility trial, components of usual care will be captured using a standardised proforma in order to describe for the future definitive trial.
The aim of this study is to conduct a cluster randomised, controlled feasibility study of a nurse-led Holistic Assessment and care Planning in Partnership Intervention (HAPPI) and to determine feasibility of delivering the intervention in primary care to older people with frailty including testing potential trial methods to inform the design of a definitive randomised controlled trial (RCT).
Data collection for the study will be complete by the end of January 2020. After this, the data will be analysed according to the statistical analysis plan which has been developed by the Chief Investigator, Trial Statisticians supported by the Trial Management Group and Trial Steering Committee.
The statistical analysis plan provides full details of the planned statistical methods to be used in the primary report of the trial results.
a. To determine acceptability of the intervention to patients, carers and clinicians in primary care.
b. To verify that proposed outcome measures and follow-up schedules are acceptable to participants and feasible to collect.
c. To evaluate clinicians’ willingness to identify, recruit and randomise eligible patients, and willingness of patients to be recruited and randomised.
d. To determine achievable targets for loss to follow-up.
e. To measure adherence of clinicians to the HAPPI procedure guide, level of treatment fidelity achieved and any barriers to delivery.
f. To evaluate characteristics and feasibility of the proposed outcome measures and to determine suitable outcome measures for the definitive trial. Outcome measures to be evaluated have been taken from the ICHOM Older Persons Reference Guide and are:
Potential participants will be eligible for the study provided they are:
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Potential participants meeting any of the following criteria will be excluded from study participation:
Results will be published shortly and will be added to the website once available. The HAPPI assessment pack which was used as the intervention in the study can be found below.
Helen Lyndon NIHR Clinical Doctoral Academic Research Fellow/Nurse Consultant Older People Cornwall Foundation Trust/Plymouth University Room S09 University of Plymouth The Knowledge Spa Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro TR1 3HD Cornwall
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